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Date May 2018 Marks available 2 Reference code 18M.3.HL.TZ1.2
Level Higher level Paper Paper 3 Time zone Time zone 1
Command term Compare and contrast Question number 2 Adapted from N/A

Question

The graph shows the ventilation rate and tidal volume of a well-trained runner during exercise on a treadmill. The tidal volume is the volume of air being moved in and out of the lungs in each breath.

State the apparatus used to measure the tidal volume.

[1]
a .

Calculate the total volume of air inhaled during one minute during the highest velocity of the treadmill in this test, giving the units.

[2]
b.

Compare and contrast the effect of increasing treadmill speed on the ventilation rate and tidal volume in this runner.

[2]
c.

Markscheme

spirometer

a .

a. tidal volume x ventilation rate
OR
litres breath-1 × breath min-1 

b. 186 L (min-1)

b.

a. both ventilation rate and tidal volume increase with increase in treadmill speed/ intensity of exercise 

b. at low treadmill speed/below 14.2 km h-1, the tidal volume increases more steeply than ventilation rate
OR
at high treadmill speed, ventilation rate increases more steeply than tidal volume
OR
tidal volume plateaus while ventilation rate does not

c.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a .
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

Syllabus sections

Core » Topic 6: Human physiology » 6.4 Gas exchange
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Core » Topic 6: Human physiology
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