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Date November 2019 Marks available 3 Reference code 19N.3.HL.TZ0.5
Level Higher level Paper Paper 3 Time zone TZ0 / no time zone
Command term Explain Question number 5 Adapted from N/A

Question

The diagram shows part of a human retina.

On the diagram, draw an arrow showing the direction of the light.

[1]
a.

Identify the cells labelled A and B.

A:

B:

 

[1]
b.

Photoreceptors in the retina sense light. State the name of another type of receptor with an example of the stimulus it detects.

[1]
c.

Explain, using the diagram, how the visual stimuli from the right eye reach the visual cortex of the brain.

[3]
d.

Markscheme

[Source: reprinted by permission from Springer Nature: Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Parallel processing in the mammalian retina, Heinz Wässle, 2004, Nat Rev Neurosci 5,
747–757 (2004) doi:10.1038/nrn1497]

 

Accept any arrow pointing upwards.

a.

A: bipolar cell
B: ganglion cell ✔

Both required.

b.

a. mechanoreceptors «detect» pressure ✔

b. chemoreceptors «detect» chemical substances/pH ✔

c. thermoreceptors «detect» temperature ✔

Mark only the first answer if more than one receptor is mentioned.
Accept valid other receptors with the correct function.

c.

a. «right» eye receives information/stimuli/light from both «left and right» visual fields ✔

b. light from the left visual field goes to the right side of the retina ✔ Accept vice versa.

c. impulses «from retina» carried along the optic nerve ✔

d. «optic» nerves cross at «optic» chiasma ✔

e. impulses from the left side of the retina go to the left side of the brain ✔ Accept vice versa.

Accept any of these points made on an annotated diagram.

d.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.

Syllabus sections

Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour » Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour (Core topics) » A.3 Perception of stimuli
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Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour » Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour (Core topics)
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