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Date May 2018 Marks available 1 Reference code 18M.3.HL.TZ1.19
Level Higher level Paper Paper 3 Time zone Time zone 1
Command term Suggest Question number 19 Adapted from N/A

Question

The image shows an example of a label showing nutritional information.

State the importance of including vitamins in our diet.

[1]
a.i.

Suggest one limitation of the information about vitamins shown on this label.

[1]
a.ii.

Distinguish between gastric juice and pancreatic juice using the table.

[3]
b.

Describe the mode of action of steroid hormones.

[3]
c.

Many animals, including humans, maintain strongly acidic conditions in part of their digestive systems. Explain two benefits of this to the animal.

[2]
d.

Markscheme

are essential for health / cannot be synthesized by humans

Vitamin D is altered from a precursor.

a.i.

does not mention whether the information is based on adults/children/age

OR

only two vitamins are shown/no quantities given for vitamins

OR

it does not take into consideration sex / pregnancy / activity levels

Accept other valid correct limitation.

a.ii.

Each row must be a distinction

b.

a. steroid hormones enter cell / steroid hormones can pass through cell membranes 

b. steroid hormones bind to receptor in the cytoplasm 

c. the receptor-hormone complex interacts directly with genes/regulates gene expression 

d. example (e.g. oestrogen, testosterone, progesterone) 

c.

a. provides ideal pH for stomach enzyme activity 

b. (acidic conditions) denature proteins /start breakdown of other organic substances 

c. (acidic conditions) convert pepsinogen (inactive) into pepsin 

d. (acidic conditions) destroy pathogens in ingested food

d.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a.i.
[N/A]
a.ii.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.

Syllabus sections

Option D: Human physiology » Option D: Human physiology (Core topics) » D.1 Human nutrition
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Option D: Human physiology » Option D: Human physiology (Core topics)
Option D: Human physiology

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